Re-opening the mine during the 1922 strike, the  owners sought to re-invent the local workforce.  Calling for "good reliable men...who want to locate permanently," they echoed The Reveille's earlier definition of Bellingham miners as solid, un-radical, homeowners.  Now, however, their would be no "feeling of duty" to a larger union.  To protect this vision from those who did not immediately understand a non-union mine as "American"  or invest the legitimacy that came came with local standing to replacement workers, the owners would  eventually fence the above ground mine workings. Bellingham Herald 5 May 1922, 10. Center for Pacific Northwest Studies

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